project one final

I did end up having a few regrets about my final poster for project one. It didn't turn out perfectly, and by that I mean: not how I had completely hoped it would. At this point though, I have nothing else to do except for live with it, and hopefully, I will be able to fix my mistakes so that this next project will turn out exactly how I want it to.
I'm kind of excited to make the process book, because it sounds like I will be able to have some fun with it and be proud of the work I put into it. However, I am still a little skeptical because I have never actually enjoyed making a process notebook before. So well see tomorrow i guess!

sources for Melior

Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Zapf

The Life Story of Hermann Zapf
PDF

ideofont
http://www.identifont.com/show?14C

The edward Johnston Foundation
http://www.ask.com/bar?q=hermann+zapf&page=1&qsrc=19&ab=9&title=Hermann%20Zapf&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejf.org.uk%2Fhermannzapf.html

Melior (with paragraphs)

Designer: Hermann Zapf, 9/11/18 - current.

Origin: Designed in 1952 and released by the Stempel Foundry.

Classification: Transitional

Hermann Zapff created Melior as a typeface that would be ultimately suitable for newspapers, magazines and other long texts. It has a larger x-height so characters can easily be distinguished. The individual characters themselves, were based on the rectangle, which is especially noticeable in the capital O. Melior would be categorized under the Transitional classification, mainly because of its larger x-height (something not common to the Old Style), and its stress in line. The contrast in thick and thins is more exaggerated than Old Style fonts, yet the thins are still thicker than those of the Modern fonts.

Melior can be compared to other transitional fonts such as: Caslon, Mrs Eaves, and Baskerville




Other than an exciting new font being created by Mr. Zapf, here’s what else happened in 1952:

King George VI of England died, and on Feb. 6 his daughter Elizabeth was proclaimed Queen of England.

Harry S. Truman was U.S. President. Alben W. Barkley was U.S. Vice-President. Dean Acheson was U.S. Secretary of State. Frederick M. Vinson was Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. Associate Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court included: Hugo L. Black, Stanley Reed, Felix Frankfurter, William O. Douglas, Robert H. Jackson, Harold H. Barton, Tom C. Clark, Sherman Minton.

Joseph Stalin ruled the Soviet Union. Fulgencio Batista took power in Cuba. In Egypt, a military coup overthrew King Farouk.

In 1952, the hydrogen bomb was detonated for the first time. The contraceptive pill was introduced. Polio vaccine was developed. The transistor radio was developed.
Pius XII was Pope. Geoffrey Francis Fisher was Archbishop of Canterbury. Winston Churchill was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Vincent Auriol was President of France. Konrad Adenauer was Chancellor of West Germany.
Evita Peron, wife of Argentine President Juan Peron, died.

Albert Schweitzer won the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize. François Mauriac won the 1952 Nobel prize for Literature.

Herman Wouk won the Pulitzer Prize in fiction for The Caine Mutiny. Marianne Moore won the Pulitzer prize in poetry for Collected Poems. No Pulitzer award was given for drama in 1952.
Ernest Hemingway's novel The Old Man and the Sea was published in 1952. John Steinbeck's novel East of Eden was published in 1952.
In 1952, the Korean War continued. The U.S. launched bombing attacks against North Korea. The Indochinese War continued. The Mau Mau rebellion began in Kenya. Greece and Turkey joined NATO.
President Truman decided not to run for reelection. The Republicans held their convention in Chicago on July 7, and nominated Dwight D. Eisenhower for President. The Democrats held their convention in Chicago on July 21, and nominated Adlai E. Stevenson. In the elections on Nov. 4, Eisenhower defeated Stevenson, and became President-Elect, with Richard M. Nixon as his Vice-President.




Hermann Zapf is a German Typeface designer who currently lives in Darmstadt, Germany. He is married to the calligrapher/ typeface designer/ babe, Gudrun Zapf. Other than Melior, he created Palatino, Optima, and Zapfino. He was born in Nuremberg, near the end of World War I. In his early years he lost two of his siblings to the flu. In school, he was manly interested in technical subjects, and read books such as “The New Universe.” Zapf left school in 1993 to follow his brothers footsteps and pursue a career in electrical engineering. However, his father had been involved with some trade unions, which lead him to be sent to the Dachau Concentration camp for a short while. So due to the political situation, Zapf, who was in search for an apprenticeship, was widely denied. It wasn’t until he visited Rudolf Koch’s typography exhibition in Nuremberg that he became interested in the subject. In 1931, Zapf was sent to Pirmasens to help reinforce the Siegfried Line in the war against france. Luckily, he quickly developed heart trouble and was given a desk job keeping war records. After the war, he taught calligraphy in Nuremberg for a while and then in Offenbach. Zaph has designed typfaces in metal, phototypesetting, and digital typography. Palatino and Optima were developed 4 years apart beginning with Palatino in 1948. These are perhaps his two most famous fonts. Zapf has been working on typography in computer programs since the 1960s. His ideas were considered radical, not taken seriously in Germany, and rejected by the Darmstadt University of Technology, where Zapf lectured between 1972 and 1981. Because he had no success in Germany, Zapf went to the United States, where new ideas were more likely to be accepted. He lectured about his ideas in computerized typesetting, and was invited to speak at Harvard University in 1964. The University of Texas at Austin was also interested in Zapf, and offered him a professorship. However, Zapf's wife said that she would never go to Texas, having only seen it from the air, and Zapf's dreams of Texas ended. In 1976, the Rochester Institute of Technology offered Zapf a professorship in typographic computer programming, the first of its type in the world. He taught there from 1977 to 1987, flying between Darmstadt and Rochester. There he developed his ideas further, with the help of his connections in companies such as IBM and Xerox, and his discussions with the computer specialists at Rochester. A number of Zapf's students from this time at RIT went on to become influential type designers, including Charles Bigelow and Kris Holmes, who together created the Lucida type family. Other prominent students include calligrapher/font designer Julian Waters and book designer Jerry Kelly. In 1977, Zapf and his friends Aaron Burns and Herb Lubalin founded a company called "Design Processing International, Inc." in New York and developed typographical computer software. It existed until 1986 with the death of Lubalin, and Zapf and Burns founded "Zapf, Burns & Company" in 1987. Burns, also an expert in typeface design and in typography, was in charge of marketing until his death in 1992. Shortly before, two of their employees had stolen Zapf's ideas and founded a company of their own.

“Type design is one of the most visible and widespread forms
of graphic expression in daily life. It is still not noticed by all
readers of newspapers, magazines or books. Nevertheless letter forms
reflect the style of a period, and its cultural background.
We are surrounded by them everywhere.” - Hermann Zapf

Melior

Designer: Hermann Zapf, 9/11/18 - current. Origin: Designed in 1952 and released by the Stempel Foundry. Classification: Transitional Hermann Zapff created Melior as a typeface that would be ultimately suitable for newspapers, magazines and other long texts. It has a larger x-height so characters can easily be distinguished. The individual characters themselves, were based on the rectangle, which is especially noticeable in the capital O. Melior would be categorized under the Transitional classification, mainly because of its larger x-height (something not common to the Old Style), and its stress in line. The contrast in thick and thins is more exaggerated than Old Style fonts, yet the thins are still thicker than those of the Modern fonts. Melior can be compared to other transitional fonts such as: Caslon, Mrs Eaves, and Baskerville Other than an exciting new font being created by Mr. Zapf, here’s what else happened in 1952: King George VI of England died, and on Feb. 6 his daughter Elizabeth was proclaimed Queen of England. Harry S. Truman was U.S. President. Alben W. Barkley was U.S. Vice-President. Dean Acheson was U.S. Secretary of State. Frederick M. Vinson was Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. Associate Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court included: Hugo L. Black, Stanley Reed, Felix Frankfurter, William O. Douglas, Robert H. Jackson, Harold H. Barton, Tom C. Clark, Sherman Minton. Joseph Stalin ruled the Soviet Union. Fulgencio Batista took power in Cuba. In Egypt, a military coup overthrew King Farouk. In 1952, the hydrogen bomb was detonated for the first time. The contraceptive pill was introduced. Polio vaccine was developed. The transistor radio was developed. Pius XII was Pope. Geoffrey Francis Fisher was Archbishop of Canterbury. Winston Churchill was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Vincent Auriol was President of France. Konrad Adenauer was Chancellor of West Germany. Evita Peron, wife of Argentine President Juan Peron, died. Albert Schweitzer won the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize. François Mauriac won the 1952 Nobel prize for Literature. Herman Wouk won the Pulitzer Prize in fiction for The Caine Mutiny. Marianne Moore won the Pulitzer prize in poetry for Collected Poems. No Pulitzer award was given for drama in 1952. Ernest Hemingway's novel The Old Man and the Sea was published in 1952. John Steinbeck's novel East of Eden was published in 1952. In 1952, the Korean War continued. The U.S. launched bombing attacks against North Korea. The Indochinese War continued. The Mau Mau rebellion began in Kenya. Greece and Turkey joined NATO. President Truman decided not to run for reelection. The Republicans held their convention in Chicago on July 7, and nominated Dwight D. Eisenhower for President. The Democrats held their convention in Chicago on July 21, and nominated Adlai E. Stevenson. In the elections on Nov. 4, Eisenhower defeated Stevenson, and became President-Elect, with Richard M. Nixon as his Vice-President. Hermann Zapf is a German Typeface designer who currently lives in Darmstadt, Germany. He is married to the calligrapher/ typeface designer/ babe, Gudrun Zapf. Other than Melior, he created Palatino, Optima, and Zapfino. He was born in Nuremberg, near the end of World War I. In his early years he lost two of his siblings to the flu. In school, he was manly interested in technical subjects, and read books such as “The New Universe.” Zapf left school in 1993 to follow his brothers footsteps and pursue a career in electrical engineering. However, his father had been involved with some trade unions, which lead him to be sent to the Dachau Concentration camp for a short while. So due to the political situation, Zapf, who was in search for an apprenticeship, was widely denied. It wasn’t until he visited Rudolf Koch’s typography exhibition in Nuremberg that he became interested in the subject. In 1931, Zapf was sent to Pirmasens to help reinforce the Siegfried Line in the war against france. Luckily, he quickly developed heart trouble and was given a desk job keeping war records. After the war, he taught calligraphy in Nuremberg for a while and then in Offenbach. Zaph has designed typfaces in metal, phototypesetting, and digital typography. Palatino and Optima were developed 4 years apart beginning with Palatino in 1948. These are perhaps his two most famous fonts. Zapf has been working on typography in computer programs since the 1960s. His ideas were considered radical, not taken seriously in Germany, and rejected by the Darmstadt University of Technology, where Zapf lectured between 1972 and 1981. Because he had no success in Germany, Zapf went to the United States, where new ideas were more likely to be accepted. He lectured about his ideas in computerized typesetting, and was invited to speak at Harvard University in 1964. The University of Texas at Austin was also interested in Zapf, and offered him a professorship. However, Zapf's wife said that she would never go to Texas, having only seen it from the air, and Zapf's dreams of Texas ended. In 1976, the Rochester Institute of Technology offered Zapf a professorship in typographic computer programming, the first of its type in the world. He taught there from 1977 to 1987, flying between Darmstadt and Rochester. There he developed his ideas further, with the help of his connections in companies such as IBM and Xerox, and his discussions with the computer specialists at Rochester. A number of Zapf's students from this time at RIT went on to become influential type designers, including Charles Bigelow and Kris Holmes, who together created the Lucida type family. Other prominent students include calligrapher/font designer Julian Waters and book designer Jerry Kelly. In 1977, Zapf and his friends Aaron Burns and Herb Lubalin founded a company called "Design Processing International, Inc." in New York and developed typographical computer software. It existed until 1986 with the death of Lubalin, and Zapf and Burns founded "Zapf, Burns & Company" in 1987. Burns, also an expert in typeface design and in typography, was in charge of marketing until his death in 1992. Shortly before, two of their employees had stolen Zapf's ideas and founded a company of their own. “Type design is one of the most visible and widespread forms of graphic expression in daily life. It is still not noticed by all readers of newspapers, magazines or books. Nevertheless letter forms reflect the style of a period, and its cultural background. We are surrounded by them everywhere.” - Hermann Zapf

missing pictures!!

For some reason I was having trouble uploading pictures to my blog. Maybe I'm doing it wrong. Maybe its the website. Maybe its the force of a higher power. Whatever it is, I'm sure it can be fixed or reckoned with.

Adobe

Adobe’s Gateway into the world of typography was the production of the PostScript language. In short, this revolutionized the printing of digital type so that it could be much smoother. To compliment this invention, Adobe developed the Adobe Type Manager, which allowed type to appear on screen as it would printed. At first Adobe’s programs contained font libraries made up of existing ITC and Linotype fonts. However, it wasn’t long before the company decided to start developing their own typefaces under the name Adobe Originals. Examples of these fonts include: Trajan, Lithos, and Chaparral. Obviously, Adobe has its own website at www.adobe.com, and users of the brand can purchase sets of Adobe Origionals fonts via that site. What intrigued me in Adobe’s fonts is the simple fact that I use their products to create nearly half my school work, and as I turn from a student into a professional, I will use them even more. Adobe is basically for me now what Crayola was for me in grade school.

Matthew Carter

Matthew Carter, born in 1937, developed a early on knowledge of metal type, photo type, and digital type. With this kind of well roundedness, his success is no surprise. In his early years in the world of typography, Carter worked mostly as a freelance designer in Europe. However, he soon became associated with the large type company Linotype. His affiliation with the company ended as the digital era began to thrive. With the demand for personal computers taking off, Carter and a few co-workers broke off from Linotype to start their own type business. It was under this company that he designed what most would consider his best, and certainly most influential work (Verdana). However, with the companies success, Carter was left with little time to design due to the responsibility of managing the business. The company, now called Carter & Cone Type, have reserved the spot for carterandcone.com, but currently are without a website. However, Carters personally designed types can be purchased from myfonts.com for relatively reasonable prices. I was interested In Matthew Carter because of his individual success and widespread achievements as a typographer.

ITC

ITC, or the International Typeface Corporation was a typeface distributor in the 1970’s that redefined the vending of type. Because type was all done by metal typesetting at the time, most of the competing companies needed to provide their clients with the proper equipment to reproduce their type. Although this kept piracy to a minimum, ITC, having no ties to the metal foundries of type could provide their customers with a way to print their typefaces on any phototypsetting maching. This way their costumers could print ITC type on their machines with no problems concerning the equipment. They also offered their designers a royalty which was dependent on the success of their designs. ITC is still around today, they have developed and sold thousands of typefaces. However, they were bought out by Monotype, one of their metal typesetting competitors. The reason I was interested in ITC was that they redefined the type market by utilizing new technology. I think that especially in todays world, being aware of what new technology can offer is one of the most important and useful ways to stand out on top of what you do.

Examples of ITC fonts include: Conduit, Franklin Gothic, and American Typewriter

www.itcfonts.com

color?

...still not god enough. maybe I will just have to use COLOR next time.

bolding my previous font

I figure a blog post on type styles should at least be easy to read. Im not sure what font I was using, but the bold was certainly not bold enough (it looked much better as I was typing it). So I changed my font to Arial, in hopes of a bolder BOLD. well see what happens. Sorry aobut the big, uneasy to read post.

Font Styles

Old Style- old style typefaces are characterized by their refined upright position and greater contrast in thick and thin strokes
Examples: Berling, Plantin, and Sabon
Transitional- the transitional style was created not so long after the old style, in the late 1600’s. It differs mainly in the characters curves and roundness, and continues to heighten the contrast between thick and thin strokes.
Examples: Utopia, Mrs Eaves, and Didoni
Modern- modern type carries on the tradition of heightening contrast in stroke and the use of vertical letters. However, modern serifs tend to be longer and thinner with minimal brackets.
Examples: Bodoni, Didot, and Computer Modern
Slab Serif- unlike the previous type styles, Slab Serif fonts usually have little contrast in stroke, their serifs thick and without brackets.
Examples: Clarendon, Rockwell, Courier
Sans Serif- sans serif fonts simply have no serifs.
Examples: Helvetica, Frutiger, and Futura
Script- script fonts are based on handwriting and try to capture the continuous flow of certain techniques of handwriting.
Examples: Kuensteler Script, Caflisch Script, and Dakota Handwriting
Blackletter- also commonly referred to as Gothic, blackletter fonts capture the calligraphic writing widely used in western europe in the 12th to 15th centuries.
Examples: Schwabacher, Fraktur, and Cursiva
Grunge- grunge type got its name after the musical movement and is directed towards capturing a new way or a rebellion of sorts. Often blurred and hard to read.
Examples: Dirty Ames, Sidewalk, and Trashed
Mono Spaced- in mono spaced fonts, all the letters occupy the same amount of space.
Examples: courier, Prestige Elite, and Fixedsys
Undeclared- undeclared typefaces have their name because of their presence and absence of serifs.
Examples: optima and copperplate gothic

*sigh*

2:29
finished laying out all my beautiful polar bears in InDesign! about time. but the work payed off. many of my final images turned out much better than I thought they would. However, some of the images dont look as good in InDesign as they did in Photoshop. I'm sure there is a way to fix this, and I plan on finding out. but first, im going to bed.

vis com troube

The last set of sketches turned out to be quite difficult. Some of the headings, such as the index and abstract categories, really stumped me. It was really hard to think of ways to capture a polar bear without actually showing one. I came up with the idea of using paw prints, and I think I will use it for my final image in one way or another, but I was not able to come up with ten ways to create different indexes of the animal. The abstract ones were just difficult because I found it hard to think of an outcome first and then work toward achieving it, which is the way I usually pursue such a creation. Rather, I found it worked better for me to try different techniques of distorting lines or scrambling an image and then working toward how to make it seem like a polar bear. However, I was not very impressed with any of the ideas that I came up with for the category, so I'll be continuing to find a good solution. One things for sure, I've got a lot of refining to do before Tuesday.

last set of polar bears

the last 60 polar bears have definitely proven to be the most challenging. I think the reason I'm having a harder time with them is because I cant simply do them in a sketchbook, and most of them, I cant even do with a pen or pencil. Sketching by hand is most likely the most efficient way for me to get things done. But by being pushed to use some other styles, I think will really help me to create some images I never would have otherwise.

Second Set of Polar Bears

The second set of polar bears went pretty well. I think that once I start working with them on the computer I will really begin to see what works and what doesn't. I may need to redo some of the cut and past and alternate marking pictures to really get the effects that I want, but it seems like I'm on the right path. Rather than trying to find out which images are going to be used for my final project, I am trying to concentrate on getting all the preliminary sketches done. That way, when it comes time, it will be easier for me to not overuse a pose or use a picture for one category that could better be applied to another category. But after Thursday, it will be time to glue myself to a computer screen and start trouble shooting.

Adrian Frutiger

Adrian Frutiger is a Swiss illustrator and typographer. He has worked for design firms and done freelance work, however, he is most noted for his creation of the Universe typeface. Universe was created in attempt to design a typeface that could be universally used. With these intentions, Frutiger wanted the caracters to be clean and concise so that the eye would not get lost in busy serifs or embellishments. As a result, the san-serif, Universe font was made. The typeface has become one of the most broadly used standard typefaces. It has been utilized world wide in public transportation venues and other many other locations. Nevertheless, Universe is most unique for its classification system, known as the Frutiger grid. The grid is a system which is used to identify and organize fonts within a typeface by assigning them to numbers. Each font is assigned two digits. The first digit refers to the fonts weight. The second, indicates both the face width of the font and whether it is roman or oblique. The Universe font was the first font to use this system, possibly because there were 21 variants of the original font. Regardless, many fonts today are still referred to by their numerical assignment according to the grid.

John Baskerville

John Baskerville was a business man, inventor, tombstone cutter, and an atheist. During his work as a printer, he was noted for many innovative techniques in the production of paper and ink, including the development of a method to make whiter paper. Nevertheless, Baskerville is now most remembered for his contributions to typography. Although he may have been responsible for many stylistic changes in the way type was used (he was one of the first to use wider margins and leading), he is most noted for his self-entitled font, Baskerville. In the creation of this typeface, Baskerville attempted to improve the fonts of William Caslon. He heightened the contrast between the thick and thin lining of the type so that the characters could be easily distinguished between. Also, to make the font more legible, he made the serifs of the typeface more narrow and rounded some of their edges. These unique changes lead to a more unified consistency of size between the individual characters. Benjamin Franklin, a fan of his work, brought Baskerville’s techniques and typefaces back to the United States, were he used them for many governmental purposes. However, some ridiculed the sharp contrast of the Baskerville font for hurting the eyes, and eventually the typeface lost its popularity. Years later, in 1996, Zuzanna Licko revived many of the characteristics of the original Baskerville font which can especially be seen in the upper case Q (the unmistakable swish of the tale). Licko named the font Mrs Eaves after Baskerville’s wife.